Can LLMs Value the Right Evidence? Evidence-Value Misalignment in Dynamic Medical Diagnosis

Paper recorded by Signals 4 on 2026-09-28 in cs.CL. Abstract reproduced from arXiv; link to the original below.

Published 2026-09-28 on arXiv · recorded by Signals 4 on 2026-09-29

Category: cs.CL · 自然语言处理 · first seen 2026-09-29

Abstract

A correct diagnosis reached from insufficient or misleading evidence can pose a clinical hazard, yet outcome-based accuracy may reward such lucky guesses. We call this mismatch between diagnostic decisions and the value of available evidence Evidence-Value Misalignment (EVM). To disentangle evidential grounding independently from diagnostic accuracy, we introduce MedEVM, a dynamic benchmarking env

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